|
ADDITIVES FOR POLYESTER
Nyacol Nano Technologies' Performance Materials
include nano-sized inorganic oxides used as additives
in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and for deep-dyed
polyester fiber. We manufacture a range of products
that enables our customers to choose the material
that best fits their needs.
NYACOL® OFFERS ADDITIVES FOR POLYESTER IN THREE
CATEGORIES:
1. Amorphous Silica in Ethylene Glycol Sols - DP5480,
DP5540, DP5820
2. Amorphous Silica Powders - Nyasil™ 5, Nyasil™
20, Nyasil™ 6200
3. Calcium Carbonate in Ethylene Glycol - DP6095,
DP6096
SILICA
Nyacol's ethylene glycol (EG) silica sols and Nyasil
powders were developed to provide anti-block and
abrasion resistance properties to polyester film
and tape. Our material allows the processer to maintain
transparency in products. Additionally, these additives
may be used in deep-dyed polyester fibers to provide
"receptor sites" for the dyes, thereby yielding
a fiber with vivid colors.
Nyacol's ethylene glycol silica sols are typically
added during the esterification phase of the polymerization
process. They should be diluted as much as possible
with ethylene glycol before this addition. A low-temperature
addition is also preferred. Vigorous mixing is recommended.
Typical addition levels that will provide anti-block
properties in film are 0.1% to 0.2% silica. For
deep-dyed fiber applications, silica levels of 1.0%
to 2.0% or higher are required.
The Nyasil silica powders may be compounded into
a PET chip. To prevent degradation of the resin,
the PET should be dried before melt processing.
A twin screw extruder is the preferred means of
incorporating these additives into the chip in order
to achieve optimal dispersion of the product.
Table 1A Silica - Typical Values
|
PRODUCT
|
METAL OXIDE
|
WT. %
METAL OXIDE
|
MEDIA
|
% H2O(Karl
Fischer)
|
pH
|
MEAN PARTICLE
DIAMETER
|
PARTICLE
CHARGE
|
|
nm
|
µm
|
| DP5480 |
Silica
|
30
|
EG
|
1.0
|
3.0
50/50 wt. in water
|
50
|
|
Negative
|
|
DP5540
|
Silica
|
30
|
EG
|
1.0
|
3.0
50/50 wt. in water
|
100
|
|
Negative
|
|
DP5820
|
Silica
|
30
|
EG
|
1.0
|
3.0
50/50 wt. in water
|
20
|
|
Negative
|
|
Nyasil 5
|
Silica
|
92
|
Powder
|
N/A
|
4.0
50/50 wt. in water
|
|
1.8
|
N/A
|
|
Nyasil 20
|
Silica
|
95
|
Powder
|
N/A
|
4.0
50/50 wt. in water
|
|
1.4
|
N/A
|
|
Nyasil 6200
|
Silica
|
96
|
Powder
|
N/A
|
4.0
50/50 wt. in water
|
|
1.7
|
N/A
|
(N/A - Not Applicable)
Table 1B Silica - Typical Values
|
PRODUCT
|
BULK
DENSITY
g/cc (lb/ft3)
|
OIL
ABSORP-TION
ASTM D1483-84
|
% LOSS
ON IGNITIO
(loss after 2
hrs., 1000°C)
|
% FREE
MOISTURE
(loss after 2
hrs., 105°C)
|
SPECIFIC
GRAVITY
*SG of SiO2
|
VISCO-SITY
|
APPEARANCE
|
|
Untamped
|
Tamped
|
|
DP5480
|
N/A
|
N/A |
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
1.3
|
60 cP
|
Clear Liquid
|
|
DP5540
|
N/A
|
N/A |
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
1.3
|
60 cP
|
Clear Liquid
|
|
DP5820
|
N/A
|
N/A |
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
1.3
|
85 cP
|
Clear Liquid
|
|
Nyasil 5
|
0.15
(9.36)
|
0.18
(11.23) |
140g of
Oil / 100g of Powder
|
8
|
2.5
|
2.2*
|
N/A
|
White Powder
|
|
Nyasil 20
|
0.29
(18.10)
|
0.32
(20.00) |
80g of
Oil / 100g of Powder
|
5
|
1.0
|
2.2*
|
N/A
|
White Powder
|
|
Nyasil 6200
|
0.29
(18.10)
|
0.31
(19.35) |
77g of
Oil / 100g of Powder
|
4
|
0.7
|
2.2*
|
N/A
|
White Powder
|
Table 2A Nyasil Silica Powders
- Typical Analysis
|
|
|
PARTICLE
SIZE|
MALVERN MASTERSIZER S
|
|
|
BET ANALYSIS
|
|
|
PRODUCT
|
D(v, 0.1)
|
D(v,0.5)
|
D(v,0.9)
|
Surface Area
m2/g
|
Total Pore
Vol.
ml/g
|
Avg. Pore
Radius
Ĺ
|
|
Nyasil 5
|
0.7
|
1.8
|
3.2
|
279
|
0.29
|
20.5
|
|
Nyasil 20
|
0.5
|
1.4
|
2.7
|
167
|
0.33
|
39.1
|
|
Nyasil 6200
|
0.6
|
1.7
|
3.8
|
64
|
0.24
|
74.4
|
Table 2B Nyasil Silica Powders - Typical Analysis
|
|
IMPURITY
ANALYSIS ppm
|
|
COLOR
ANALYSIS
|
|
|
PRODUCT
|
Sodium as
Na
|
Iron as Fe
|
Aluminum
as Al
|
L
|
a
|
b
|
|
Nyasil 5
|
< 1000
|
46
|
178
|
93.1
|
-0.41
|
0.36
|
|
Nyasil 20
|
< 1000
|
37
|
60
|
93.5
|
-0.38
|
0.27
|
|
Nyasil 6200
|
< 1000
|
23
|
33
|
93.4
|
-0.38
|
0.33
|
CALCIUM CARBONATE
Nyacol's DP6095 and DP6096 calcium carbonate dispersions
in ethylene glycol were developed to perform as
anti-blocking agents for polyester films. The materials
can also provide abrasion resistance to the film.
The calcium carbonate dispersion in ethylene glycol
can be directly added into ester-exchange reactors
or polycondensation reactors at typical loadings
in the range of 0.5% to 1.0% CaCO3.
The particles disperse uniformly in PET chips without
the concern of agglomeration.
In the production of biaxially-oriented PET films,
the calcium carbonate particles will not separate
from the plastic matrix.
Nyacol's technology allows PET film producers to
manufacture extremely thin, highly uniform films
that have excellent anti-blocking and abrasion resistance
properties.
Table 3 Calcium Carbonate - Typical Values
|
PRODUCT
|
CHEMICAL
|
WT. %
CHEMICAL
|
MEDIA
|
MEDIUM PARTICLE SIZE, µ
|
MAXIMUM
PARTICLE SIZE, µ
|
%H2O
|
pH
|
VISCO-SITY
cP
|
APPEARANCE
|
| DP6095 |
Calcium Carbonate
|
40
|
EG
|
0.39
|
1.26
|
1.32
|
10.95
|
534
|
White Slurry
|
| DP6096 |
Calcium Carbonate
|
50
|
EG
|
0.52
|
1.69
|
1.5
|
8.75
|
376
|
White Slurry
|
Table 4 Polyester Applications
|
ABRASION
RESISTANCE
|
ANTI-BLOCK
|
DEEP-DYED
FIBER
|
| SILICA |
| DP5480 |
|
|
|
| DP5540 |
|
|
|
| DP5820 |
|
|
|
| Nyasil 5 |
|
|
|
| Nyasil 20 |
|
|
|
| Nyasil 6200 |
|
|
|
| CALCIUM CARBONATE |
| DP6095 |
|
|
|
| DP6096 |
|
|
|
For additional information or to place an
order, contact:
Nyacol Nano Technologies Inc.
P.O. Box 349
Megunko Road
Ashland, MA 01721
| Toll Free: |
|
800-GET-SOLS (438-7657) |
| Telephone: |
|
508-881-2220 |
| Fax: |
|
508-881-1855 |
Information
herein is accurate to the best of our knowledge.
Suggestions are made without warranty or guarantee
of results. Before using, user should determine
the suitability of the product for his intended
use and user assumes the risk and liability in connection
therewith. We do not suggest violation of any existing
patents or give permission to practice any patented
invention without a license. 9/98
|
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