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Nonaqueous Dispersions of Colloidal
Antimony Pentoxide Flame Retardant Additives
NYACOL®
APE1540 NYACOL®
AB40
Nyacol Nano Technologies, Inc. offers a nonaqueous colloidal
antimony pentoxide dispersion as a synergist with halogenated flame
retardants for use in unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester resins.
Advantages over a conventional antimony trioxide system:
·
Greater surface area for faster halogen
reactivity on burning.
·
Less potential health hazards through dust-free
handling.
·
Much less wear on pumps, valves and nozzles.
·
Better penetration into the structure for
improved dimensional consistency and no "spongy laminate"
feel.
·
More chemically resistant.
·
Non-pigmenting for translucent composite or
enhanced mass tone colors.
Form
NYACOL® APE1540 and NYACOL® AB40 flame
retardant additives are dispersions of nano-sized (colloidal) antimony
pentoxide particles in a liquid isophthalic polyester resin. The oxide
particles are nearly 1/100 the size of powdered antimony
trioxide.
Function
Both NYACOL® APE1540 and NYACOL® AB40
are non-settling antimony dispersions for use as a flame retardant
synergist in halogen-containing polyester and vinyl ester resins. APE1540 is used with room
temperature cure systems using cobalt-MEKP type cure systems. AB40 can be used in high
temperature cure systems or with disubstituted peroxide cure
systems. APE1540 or AB40
can be substituted for antimony trioxide in formulations involving any
polyester or vinyl ester resin system containing bromine or
chlorine. Both APE1540 and
AB40 have been used in epoxy coating systems.
Using antimony trioxide in critical corrosion resistant applications
always results in totally opaque laminates. Nyacol dispersions can enhance quality control. The fine particles are nearly
invisible, allowing in-process and final inspection with the same
degree of confidence as non-FR laminates.
The Nyacol dispersions can be added to the resin with simple
stirring. They will not
settle and concentrate at the bottom of the container. In filament winding operations,
APE1540 assures more reliable operation without settling in the resin
trough. Total labor cost
savings in mixing and fabrication can be significant.
Products
Typical Properties
* antimony oxide expressed as Sb2O5
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Grade
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APE1540
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AB40
|
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Form
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Viscous liquid
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Viscous liquid
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Colloidal antimony oxide *
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40% by weight
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40% by weight
|
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Unsaturated liquid polyester
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50% by weight
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50% by weight
|
|
Specific gravity
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1.70
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1.67
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Packaging
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Container
Size
Weight
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Plastic pail
5 gallons, 20 liters
60 pounds net, 27 kilograms net
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Plastic pail
5 gallons, 20 liters
60 pounds net, 27 kilograms net
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Container
Size
Weight
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Steel drum
30 gallons, 114 liters
375 pounds net, 170 kilograms net
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Steel drum
30 gallons, 114 liters
375 pounds net, 170 kilograms net
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Application
Formulating Guidelines for APE1540
Many U.S. and Canadian manufacturers of halogenated polyester and
vinyl ester resins have run tunnel tests (ASTM E-84) using APE1540 with
most of their popular corrosion resistant FR resins. Nyacol Nano Technologies, Inc.
publishes a regularly updated compilation of these test results,
listing levels of APE1540 and the achieved flame spread rating. This data can be verified by
the individual resin suppliers.
In most cases the amount of antimony oxide added is less than 3
percent. Typical antimony
trioxide levels are specified at between 3 percent and 5 percent. If you are working with a resin
not listed by Nyacol but have a specific antimony trioxide
recommendation, simply multiply by 2.5 to determine the level of
APE1540 to give an equivalent or better test result. A typical FR resin requires 3
phr of antimony trioxide for a class one rating. 7.5 phr of APE 1540 will give
equivalent FR performance.
APE1540 provides superior reliability as a fire retardant synergist
in corrosion-resistant laminate.
This benefit results from the ease of dispersion and excellent
suspension stability of the APE1540 in the resin, and the translucency
of the laminate, which allows the detection and avoidance of air
entrapment.
Cure of polyester resins containing APE1540
Under normal process conditions, when a cobalt-promoted resin is
catalyzed within 24 hours after the addition of APE1540, the cure is
not effected significantly.
However, most high reactive vinyl ester and polyester resins
with low cobalt levels will require cure adjustment even without
extended time between the APE1540 addition and catalyzing the
resin. Some vinyl ester
resins require double the amount of cobalt.
The effect on cure properties is dependent on the inherent
reactivity of the resin, the cobalt concentration and the quantity of
APE1540 added. Use of any
of the following corrective procedures is effective in minimizing or
eliminating the cure problem:
·
Keep the time between APE1540 and MEKP
additions as short as possible.
·
With an unusually long time prior to MEKP
addition, readjust the cure rate by adding more cobalt.
·
Formulate the cure system with higher level of
cobalt.
Tunnel Test Data for APE1540
Below is a compilation of ASTM E-84 Tunnel Test data on specific FR
corrosion resistant polyester and vinyl ester resins. APE1540, a 40 percent antimony
pentoxide dispersion in a liquid polyester resin, was used in place of
antimony trioxide powder.
Special test panels were made under closely controlled
conditions by each supplier.
Tunnel tests were performed at different testing
laboratories. Because
settling of antimony trioxide is eliminated when APE1540 is used,
potential differences in plant and lab conditions will be minimized.
Test Data
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Percent APE1540
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E-84
Flame Spread
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Ashland Chemical
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Hetron 197AT-P
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4
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Class I
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Hetron 92AT
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3
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Class I
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Hetron 99P
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3
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Class I
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Hetron FR-992
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3
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Class I
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Hetron 604T-20
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3
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Class I
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Hetron FR-693
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4
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Class I
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Dow Chemical
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Derakane 510A
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2.00
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Class I
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Derakane 510B-700 PAT
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2.00
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Class I
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Derakane 510B-700 PAT
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2.50
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Class I
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Derakane 510C-350
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2.50
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Class II
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Derakane 510C-350
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3.75
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Class I
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Derakane 510N
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2.50
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Class II
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Derakane 510N
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3.75
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Class I
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Interplastic Corporation
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Co-Rezyn VE8441
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7.5
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Class I
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COR 16-AA-063
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7.5
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Class I
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Reichhold Chemicals
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Dion FR 7704
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4
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Class I
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Dion FR 9300
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5
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Class I
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Dion FR 6695
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5
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Class I
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Atlac 711 05A
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7.5
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Class I
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Atlac 711 05AS
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7.5
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Class I
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Formulating Guidelines for AB40
AB40 is a dispersion of colloidal antimony pentoxide in a liquid
organic polyester carrier.
It is intended for use in combination with halogens (chlorine
and/or bromine) for flame retardancy in polymer applications.
AB40 provides some advantages over APE1540 in thermosetting
polyester-styrene applications where disubstituted peroxide with amine
or high temperature free radical curing is used. Polyesters using a cobalt MEKP
(or other hydroperoxide) curing system should not use AB40 as a
replacement for APE1540.
Shelf Life
The shelf life of APE1540 and AB40 is not less than one year. The carrier is a low viscosity
liquid isophthalic resin with no styrene.
For
additional information or to place an order:
Nyacol Nano Technologies, Inc.
Megunko Road
P.O. Box 349
Ashland, MA
01721
| Toll Free: |
|
800-GET-SOLS (438-7657) |
| Telephone: |
|
508-881-2220 |
| Fax: |
|
508-881-1855 |
Information herein is accurate to the
best of our knowledge.
Suggestions are made without warranty or guarantee of
results. Before using,
user should determine the suitability of the product for his intended
use and user assumes risk and liability in connection therewith. We do not suggest violation of
any existing patents nor give permission to practice any patented
invention without a license.
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